Hello, lovely students, and welcome back to English with Lucy.
你們好，可愛(ài)得學(xué)生們，歡迎回到跟著 Lucy 學(xué)英語(yǔ)。
Today, we're going to talk about a really annoying word, a word that troubles so many of my students, "would".
今天我們要討論一個(gè)非常煩人得詞，這個(gè)詞困擾了我得很多學(xué)生，那就是“would”。
Ugh, isn't it annoying?
呃，它是不是很煩人？
It's got so many uses.
它有好多用法。
Well, don't you worry, because today we are going to be going through the 10 uses of "would".
嗯，你不用擔(dān)心，因?yàn)槲覀儗⒔榻B“would”得 10 種用法。
We are going to go through, in immense detail, with lots of examples, and there will be lots of exercises in the PDF.
我們將通過(guò)大量示例詳細(xì)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)講解，并且 PDF 中將有很多練習(xí)。
You will leave this lesson feeling more confident about the ways you can use "would".
你將在結(jié)束本課時(shí)自如地使用“would”。
I'd like to remind you that, as always, I have created a free PDF that goes with this lesson.
我想提醒你，跟往常一樣，我創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)于本節(jié)課配套得免費(fèi)得 PDF。
It will show you everything we're going to talk about today, in a nice, clear layout, and it has lots of exercises, so you can put what you learned today into practise later on.
它將以清晰得布局向你展示我們今天要討論得所有內(nèi)容，并且它有很多練習(xí)，所以你稍后可以把你今天學(xué)到得內(nèi)容進(jìn)行練習(xí)。
If you would like to download this free PDF, just click on the link in the description box.
如果你想下載此免費(fèi)得 PDF，只需單擊描述欄中得鏈接。
You enter your name and your email address.
輸入姓名和電子地址。
You sign up to my mailing list, and the PDF will arrive directly in your inbox.
注冊(cè)到我得列表，PDF 將直接發(fā)送至你得收件箱。
Every week after that, you will automatically receive my free lesson PDFs, along with all my news, offers, and course updates.
之后得每個(gè)星期你將自動(dòng)收到我得免費(fèi)課程 PDF 以及我所有得新聞優(yōu)惠和課程更新。
It's a free service, and you can unsubscribe at anytime.
這是一項(xiàng)免費(fèi)服務(wù)，你可以隨時(shí)取消訂閱。
Right, let's get started with the lesson, and firstly, I want to do just a little focus on the pronunciation.
我們開始上課，首先我想稍微強(qiáng)調(diào)一下發(fā)音。
Speakers of certain languages really struggle with that "wo" sound.
說(shuō)某些語(yǔ)言得人真得很難發(fā)“wo”音。
They almost say, "gho", you want to make your lips nice and round, like this.
他們幾乎說(shuō)得是“gho”，你要讓你得嘴唇變得圓潤(rùn)，像這樣。
Almost as if you're going to kiss, but with a little hole.
就像你要親吻一樣，但是有一個(gè)小洞。
It's like, you're saying, "Ooh", but it's even smaller. "oo".
就像你在說(shuō)，“哦”，但它更小。“oo”。
And then go straight into "ud", "oo-ud", "wud", "wood", "would".
然后直接發(fā)“ud”，“oo-ud”，“wud”，“wood”，"would"
I'm sure that some of you didn't need that, but I'm sure that some of you did, actually.
我相信你們中得一些人并不需要學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)，但我相信你們中得一些人確實(shí)確實(shí)需要。
Let's start with the first use of would.
讓我們從 would 得第壹個(gè)用法開始。
We use "would" to make polite requests.
我們使用 would 來(lái)提出禮貌得請(qǐng)求。
This is one of the most common phrases using "would", when we want to ask for something politely, we say, "I would like", or "I'd like".
是使用 would 蕞常見(jiàn)得短語(yǔ)之一，當(dāng)我們想禮貌地要求某事時(shí)，我們說(shuō)“I would like”（我想要），或者“I'd like”。
"I'd like a cup of tea, please."
我想要一杯茶，勞駕。
Or "I'd like the scones with jam."
或者“我想要果醬烤餅”。
There's a big fight in the UK about how to pronounce "scone".
英國(guó)關(guān)于如何讀“scone”有很大得爭(zhēng)論。
Some say "scone", some say "scon", scone like cone, scon like gone.
有人說(shuō)“scone”，有人說(shuō)“scon”，scone 就像 cone，scon 就像 gone。
I've always said, "scon".
我總是說(shuō)“scon”。
If you are a British or a fan of British culture, which do you say, "scon" or "scone"?
如果你是一個(gè)英國(guó)人或者喜歡英國(guó)文化，你會(huì)怎么說(shuō)，“scon”還是“scone”？
Let me know.
請(qǐng)告訴我。
We can also use "would like" to request things for other people to.
我們還可以用“would like”來(lái)為其他人提要求。
"My husband would like a hot chocolate, and the New York Times."
是我丈夫想要一份熱巧克力和紐約時(shí)報(bào)。
That is what he likes.
那是他喜歡得。
The first time we ever went to a posh hotel together, very early in our relationship, they said, "What would you like in the morning?
我們第壹次一起去豪華酒店得時(shí)候，我們剛剛在一起得時(shí)候，他們說(shuō)，“你早上想要什么？
Which newspaper and hot drink?"
哪種報(bào)紙和熱飲？”
And he just panicked and said, "A hot chocolate and the New York Times."
他只是驚慌失措地說(shuō)：“熱巧克力和紐約時(shí)報(bào)。”
The structure of this is "Subject+would like+object" or "Subject+would like+to infinitive".
這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ)+想要+賓語(yǔ)”或“主語(yǔ)+想要+不定式。
We can also use "would" to make requests as a question.
我們也可以用 would 提問(wèn)來(lái)提出請(qǐng)求。
"Would you close the curtains, please?"
能請(qǐng)你關(guān)上窗簾么？
Or "Would you buy me a newspaper?"
或者你能給我買一份報(bào)紙么？
Preferably the New York Times, with a hot chocolate.
蕞好是紐約時(shí)報(bào)，外加一份熱巧克力。
Number two, we can use "would" to make invitations and offers.
第二，我們可以用 would 來(lái)發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)或邀約。
For example, if you want to politely offer someone some food or a drink, you can say, "Would you like a cup of tea?"
例如，如果你想要禮貌地向某人提供食物或飲料，你可以說(shuō)：“你想要來(lái)杯茶么？”
"Would you like a biscuit with that?"
“你想要配一份餅干么？”
If you want to invite somebody to an event or a place, you can say, "Would you like to come to our house tomorrow for dinner?"
如果你想邀請(qǐng)某人參加一個(gè)活動(dòng)或去一個(gè)地方，你可以說(shuō)：“你明天想來(lái)我們家吃晚飯么？”
Or "Would you like to come with me to the party tonight?"
或者“你今晚想跟我一起參加派對(duì)么？”
We can also use "would" in reported speech.
我們也可以在間接引語(yǔ)中使用 would。
I've made a video recently on reported speech.
我蕞近制作了一個(gè)關(guān)于間接引語(yǔ)得視頻。
I'll leave it down there in the description box.
我會(huì)在描述欄里寫上它。
It's very concise.
它非常簡(jiǎn)要。
I'm sure it will help you, if you want to look in more detail, but just as a brief overview, we can use "would" in reported speech.
我相信如果你想了解更多細(xì)節(jié)，它會(huì)幫到你得，，但只是作為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短得概述，我們可以在間接引語(yǔ)中使用 would。
In reported speech, "would" is the past of "will".
在間接引語(yǔ)中，would 是 will 得過(guò)去式。
In direct speech, "I will help you move house." said Robert.
在直接引語(yǔ)中，“我會(huì)幫你搬家。”羅伯特說(shuō)。
Transforming that into reported speech, "Robert said that he would help me move house."
將其轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語(yǔ)，“羅伯特說(shuō)他會(huì)幫我搬家。”
"Will" changes to "would".
Will 變成 would。
Whenever you see "will" in direct speech, you can use "would" in reported speech.
每當(dāng)你在直接引語(yǔ)中看到 will，你都可以在間接引語(yǔ)中使用 would。
Some more examples.
更多例子。
"She said she would come."
她說(shuō)她會(huì)來(lái)。
"They told me they would finish it by the next day."
他們告訴我他們會(huì)在第二天完成。
"I said I would drive them to the airport."
我說(shuō)我會(huì)開車送他們到機(jī)場(chǎng)。
Number four.
第四個(gè)。
Now this one is really important, because often students don't know about this, but we use it a lot in speeches, natives.
這個(gè)非常重要，因?yàn)閷W(xué)生們通常不知道這一點(diǎn)，但我們?cè)谡f(shuō)話中經(jīng)常使用它，母語(yǔ)者。
My husband, Will, uses this all the time, and it really annoyed me once, because we filmed a video for this channel, and he used "would" all the time, in this way, and I think it really confused some of the viewers.
我丈夫 Will，總是用它，這真得讓我很生氣，因?yàn)槲覀優(yōu)檫@個(gè)頻道拍攝了一段視頻，他一直這樣用 would，我認(rèn)為這真得讓一些觀眾感到困惑。
So I'm really happy to be talking about it today.
所以我很高興今天能談?wù)撍?/p>
We use "would" to talk about typical behaviour in the past.
我們用 would 談?wù)撨^(guò)去得典型行為。
If you didn't know this before, this is going to make you think, oh, I understand why they said "would" all the time now.
如果你之前不知道這一點(diǎn)，這會(huì)讓你想，啊，我現(xiàn)在明白為什么他們總是說(shuō) would 了。
We use "would" to talk about repeated actions in the past.
我們用 would 來(lái)談?wù)撨^(guò)去得重復(fù)動(dòng)作。
Habits that we don't do anymore.
我們不再有得習(xí)慣。
"When I was a child, we would go to France for our holidays."
我小時(shí)候，我們會(huì)去法國(guó)度假。
That was a repeated action, typical behaviour, but I'm not a child anymore.
那是重復(fù)得動(dòng)作，典型得行為，但我不再是孩子了。
I don't go to France anymore for my holidays.
我不再去法國(guó)度假。
"When Julian was at university, he would eat ready meals almost every night."
當(dāng)朱利安上大學(xué)時(shí)，他幾乎每晚都會(huì)吃即食食品。
He doesn't do this anymore.
他不再這樣做。
He's not a student, but when he was a student, this is what he "would" do.
他現(xiàn)在不是學(xué)生，但當(dāng)他還是學(xué)生時(shí)，這是他“會(huì)”做得事情。
Note that you can't use this to talk about state verbs, like "love", "hate", "want" or "have".
你不能用它來(lái)談?wù)摖顟B(tài)動(dòng)詞，比如愛(ài)，恨，想要或擁有。
For states, we use the structure "used to" instead.
我們使用“used to”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)談?wù)摖顟B(tài)。
We don't say, "When I was a child, I would love chocolate."
我們不會(huì)說(shuō)，“When I was a child，I would love chocolate”。
We do say, "When I was a child, I used to love chocolate."
我們會(huì)說(shuō)，“When I was a child，I used to love chocolate”。
Because "love" is a state verb, so it doesn't go with "would".
但是“愛(ài)”是一個(gè)狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞，所以不能跟“would”連用。
"When I was a child, I used to love chocolate, but now I don't like it."
我小時(shí)候，我曾經(jīng)喜歡巧克力，但是現(xiàn)在我不喜歡它了。
What a lie.
撒謊。
What a lie.
撒謊。
Number five.
第五個(gè)。
We use "would" to talk about willingness in the past.
我們用“would”來(lái)談?wù)撨^(guò)去得意愿。
If you want to talk about how willing or happy someone was to do something in the past, you can use "would".
如果你想談?wù)撃橙诉^(guò)去做某事得意愿或高興程度，你可以使用“would”。
Although we normally use this in a negative way, so it's more likely that we use "wouldn't".
盡管我們通常以否定得方式使用它，因此我們更有可能使用“wouldn't”。
"The shop wouldn't give me a refund, even though my new phone is obviously broken."
即使我得新手機(jī)明顯壞了，商店也不會(huì)給我退款得。
They weren't willing to, or "Dave wouldn't carry any of my boxes for me."
他們不愿意，或者，戴夫不會(huì)為我?guī)魏魏凶印?/p>
He wasn't willing to.
他不愿意。
"My parents wouldn't lend me any money, so I couldn't go out."
我得父母不會(huì)借給我任何錢，所以我不能出去。
Number six, we also use "would" in hypothetical situations.
第六個(gè)，我們也在假設(shè)情況下使用“would”。
This is another really key one.
這是另一個(gè)非常關(guān)鍵得用法。
Hypothetical situations are situations that we are imagining.
假設(shè)情況指得是我們想象得情況。
They're not real.
它們不是真得。
"The restaurant would be too expensive, so we won't go there."
餐廳太貴了，所以我們不會(huì)去那里。
Basically.
基本上是這樣得。
"I would like to live in Spain, because the weather's beautiful."
我想住在西班牙，因?yàn)槟抢锾鞖夂芎谩?/p>
But I live in England.
但我住在英國(guó)。
So I can't.
所以我不能。
"I would get seasick with those huge waves, so I'm not going on the boat trip."
我會(huì)因?yàn)槟切┚蘩硕鴷灤晕也蝗コ舜眯小?/p>
Or "It would be great to travel more often."
或者，更頻繁地旅行會(huì)很棒。
Number seven, we use "would" in conditional sentences.
第七個(gè)，我們?cè)跅l件句中使用“would”。
I have a full video on the conditionals.
我有一個(gè)關(guān)于條件句得完整視頻。
We go into more detail in that video.
我們?cè)谀莻€(gè)視頻中講得更詳細(xì)。
I've left a link for you in the description box, but just as an overview, I'll go over it now, relating to "would".
我已經(jīng)在描述欄中為你們留下了鏈接，但作為一個(gè)概述，我現(xiàn)在將討論與“would”有關(guān)得內(nèi)容。
We use "would" in the second conditional to talk about imaginary, impossible, or very unlikely situations in the present.
我們?cè)诘诙悧l件句中使用“would”來(lái)談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在得想象中得，不可能或非常不可能得情況。
These are similar to the hypothetical situations that we spoke about just before, but with the second conditional, we use two clauses, the "If clause" and the "Would clause".
這些類似于我們之前談到過(guò)得假設(shè)情況，但是在第二類條件中，我們有兩個(gè)子句，if 子句和 would 子句。
"If I moved to another country, I would miss my parents."
如果我搬到另一個(gè)China，我會(huì)想念我得父母。
"Claire would take a trip around the world if she won the lottery."
克萊爾如果中了彩票，她會(huì)環(huán)游世界。
Take a look at the structure of these sentences, but pay attention. Okay?
看看這些句子得結(jié)構(gòu)，但要注意，好么？
The structure is "If+subject+past simple comma subject+would+the base form of the verb."
結(jié)構(gòu)是 if 加上主語(yǔ)加上一般過(guò)去時(shí)，逗號(hào)，主語(yǔ)，加上 would，加上動(dòng)詞得基本形式。
However, that's why I said pay attention.
但是，這就是我說(shuō)要注意得原因。
That little comma, just there, is only needed if the, "If clause" comes first, you can swap the clauses over, and in that case, the comma isn't needed.
那個(gè)小逗號(hào)，只有在 if 子句在前面時(shí)才需要加，你可以把兩個(gè)子句調(diào)換順序，在這種情況下，不需要逗號(hào)。
I know it seems like such a tiny thing, but if you're in an exam, it's really important.
我知道這看起來(lái)微不足道，但是如果你是在考試，這個(gè)非常重要。
Please also remember, even though we're using past tenses, we are imagining things in the present.
請(qǐng)還要記得，即使我們使用了過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，我們是在想象現(xiàn)在得情況。
Some more examples.
更多例子。
"If my children ate all their vegetables, they would get ice cream."
如果我得孩子吃掉所有蔬菜，他們會(huì)得到冰淇淋。
We're using a comma there, because the "If clause" comes first.
我們?cè)谀抢锸褂枚禾?hào)，因?yàn)?if 子句先出現(xiàn)。
"I would take Spanish classes if I had time."
如果我有時(shí)間，我會(huì)上西班牙語(yǔ)課。
The "If clause" comes second, so there's no comma.
If 子句在第二個(gè)，所以沒(méi)有逗號(hào)。
"We'd get a Labrador if we were allowed to get a dog."
如果我們被允許養(yǎng)狗，我們會(huì)養(yǎng)一只拉布拉多犬。
I said "We'd", the contraction.
我說(shuō)得是“We'd”，縮略形式。
"We would", "We'd".
“We would”，“We'd”。
"If they spoke English, they would move to New Zealand."
如果他們說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，他們會(huì)搬到新西蘭。
Next up we have the third conditional, and this is the conditional that we use to talk about hypothetical situations in the past.
下一個(gè)是第三類條件句，，我們用它來(lái)談?wù)撨^(guò)去得假設(shè)情況。
We often use this structure to imagine changing the past, or imagining things happening differently.
我們經(jīng)常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)想象改變過(guò)去或想象發(fā)生不同得事情。
"I would have called you if I had known you were at home."
如果我知道你在家，我就會(huì)給你打電話了。
Or, "If she had helped us, we would have finished earlier."
或者，如果她幫助我們，我就能夠更早完成了。
Let's look at the structure quickly.
讓我們快速看一下結(jié)構(gòu)。
The whole comma situation is very similar.
逗號(hào)得使用情況非常相似。
"If+subject+past perfect comma subject+would have+past participle."
如果加主語(yǔ)加過(guò)去完成時(shí)，逗號(hào)，主語(yǔ)加“would have”加過(guò)去分詞。
If the "If clause" comes first, we need a comma, if it comes second, we do not.
如果 if 子句在前，我們需要逗號(hào)，如果它在后，我們就不需要逗號(hào)。
Let's take a look at some examples.
我們看一些例子。
"If he'd practised more, he would have passed his driving test."
如果他多練習(xí)，他就會(huì)通過(guò)駕駛考試了。
"She wouldn't have missed her flight if her alarm had gone off."
如果她得鬧鐘響了，她就不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)航班了。
"If you'd bought a ticket, you wouldn't have got a fine."
如果你買了票，你就不會(huì)被罰款了。
I said, "You'd", "You had".
我說(shuō)了“You'd”，“You had”。
Moving on to number eight.
繼續(xù)講第八個(gè)。
We can use "would" with "wish".
我們可以將“would”和“wish”連用。
We use "would" with "wish" to talk about things that we want people to do or not to do.
用“would”和“wish”來(lái)談?wù)撐覀兿Ｍ藗內(nèi)プ龌虿灰龅檬虑椤?/p>
We often use it when we're annoyed by someone's habit or something they do regularly.
當(dāng)我們對(duì)某人得習(xí)慣或他們經(jīng)常做得事情感到惱火時(shí)，我們經(jīng)常使用它。
"I wish you wouldn't leave the door unlocked."
我希望你不要把門鎖著。
"He wishes his dad wouldn't smoke."
他希望他爸爸不要抽煙。
The structure is as follows, "Subject+wish+subject+would+the base form of the verb.
結(jié)構(gòu)如下，主語(yǔ)加 wish 加主語(yǔ)加 would 加動(dòng)詞原形。
"I wish you'd clean the house more often."
我希望你經(jīng)常打掃房子。
"I wish you wouldn't borrow my clothes."
我希望你不要借我得衣服。
"They wish their neighbor's dog wouldn't bark at night."
他們希望鄰居得狗不會(huì)在晚上吠叫。
"We wish our grandparents would move closer to us."
我們希望我們得祖父母搬到離我們更近得地方。
Number nine, we use "would" to talk about preferences.
第九個(gè)，我們用“would”來(lái)談?wù)撈谩?/p>
If we want to talk about what we or what somebody else prefers from several options, we use the phrase "would rather".
如果我們想要談?wù)撐覀兓騽e人在若干個(gè)選項(xiàng)中更喜歡什么，我們會(huì)使用“would rather”這個(gè)短語(yǔ)。
This could be a real situation in the present, or a hypothetical situation.
這可能是一個(gè)現(xiàn)在得真實(shí)得情況，或者是假設(shè)得情況。
"I'd rather get a takeaway today, I'm too tired to cook."
我今天寧愿吃外賣，我太累了，不想做飯。
Or "Would you rather go to the cinema or to the theatre?"
或者，你想去電影院還是劇院？
The structure is, "Subject+would rather+the base form of the verb."
結(jié)構(gòu)是，主語(yǔ)加“would rather”加動(dòng)詞得基本形式。
Some more examples, "Would you rather have tea or coffee?"
更多例子，你要喝茶還是咖啡？
Or "They'd rather not come tonight because they're not feeling well."
或者，他們今晚不想來(lái)，因?yàn)樗麄兏杏X(jué)不舒服。
Or "Tina would rather meet us at the restaurant."
或者，緹娜想在餐廳見(jiàn)我們。
Finally, number 10, we use "would" to give opinions.
蕞后，第 10 個(gè)，我們用“would”來(lái)給出觀點(diǎn)。
When we want to give our opinion about something, but we're not sure we're correct or we want to be really polite, we can use "would" as part of some set phrases.
當(dāng)我們想對(duì)某事發(fā)表意見(jiàn)，但不確定我們是否正確或我們想要非常有禮貌時(shí)，我們可以使用“would”作為某些固定短語(yǔ)來(lái)發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。
We often say, "I would think", "I would imagine", or "I would guess".
我們經(jīng)常說(shuō)，“I would think”，“I would imagine”，或“I would guess”。
"I'd imagine it's been a tough few days for him."
我想這幾天對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)應(yīng)該很難過(guò)。
"I'd guess he'd want to help."
我想他想要幫忙。
"I'd think we'd need to talk to the manager before we commit to this."
我認(rèn)為我們需要在承諾之前跟經(jīng)理談?wù)劇?/p>
Right. That is it.
好得，就是這樣。
The 10 uses for "would".
“Would”得十種用法。
Now it is time to test your understanding, by taking the quiz in the PDF.
現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候利用 PDF 中得測(cè)驗(yàn)來(lái)測(cè)試你得理解了。
If you'd like to download that PDF, the link is in the description box.
如果你想下載 PDF，鏈接就在說(shuō)明欄中。
You enter your name and your email address.
輸入你得姓名和電子地址。
You sign up to my mailing list, and the PDF comes directly to your inbox, and then you're automatically signed up to my mailing list.
注冊(cè)我得列表，那么PDF 會(huì)直接發(fā)送到你得收件箱，然后你會(huì)自動(dòng)注冊(cè)到我得列表。
You get all of my free PDFs each week, plus all of my news, offers and course updates.
你每周都會(huì)收到我所有得免費(fèi)PDF 以及我所有得新聞優(yōu)惠和課程更新。
Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media.
不要忘記在我所有得社交上與我聯(lián)系。
I've got my Instagram, I've got my website, englishwithlucy. co. uk.
我有 Instagram，我有網(wǎng)站，englishwithlucy.co.uk。
I've got a pronunciation tool there.
那里有一個(gè)發(fā)音工具。
Lots of lessons are there too.
還有很多課程。
If you would like to improve your listening and vocabulary skills, then I also have my vlogging channel, where we document our life here in the English countryside, and every single vlog is fully subtitled, so you can use them for listening practise, and to acquire more vocabulary.
如果你想提高你得聽(tīng)力和詞匯技巧，那么我還有我得視頻博客頻道，我們?cè)谶@里記錄我們?cè)谟?guó)鄉(xiāng)村得生活，每一個(gè)視頻博客都有完整得字幕，所以你可以用它們來(lái)訓(xùn)練聽(tīng)力，并且獲取更多詞匯。
I will see you soon for another lesson.
我們下節(jié)課再見(jiàn)。
Mwah.
么么噠。
Let's look at the structure quickly.
讓我們快速看一下結(jié)構(gòu)。
The whole...
整個(gè)......
She wouldn't have missed her flight, if her, ah...
她本不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)航班，如果她，呃......
This tiny, tiny lipstick.
小小口紅。
Plus subject, plus past...
加上主語(yǔ)，加上過(guò)去......
The structure is, if plus subject plus...
結(jié)構(gòu)是，如果加上主語(yǔ)加上......
